Kedokteran & Kesehatan editorial
Open AccessOA2025
Analysis Of Factors Related To The Incidence Of Acute Respiratory Infection In Toddlers In The Area Of Tuntungan Community Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency 2024
This study analyzes factors associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in toddlers in the Tuntungan Community Health Center area, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2024. It finds that maternal education, child individual factors, nutrition, socioeconomics, and family smoking behavior are related to ARI incidence, while immunization status shows no relationship.
S. Suhartina; Santy Deasy Siregar; Sarah Oculi Zaluchu· International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP)· 2025· DOI 10.51601/ijhp.v5i1.388
The core problem
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an infectious disease of the upper or lower respiratory tract that can cause a wide range of outcomes, from asymptomatic or mild infections to severe and fatal diseases, depending on the causative pathogen, environmental factors, and host factors. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ARI is caused by more than 300 types of bacteria, viruses, and rickettsia. The incidence, distribution, and consequences of ARI vary based on several factors, including environmental conditions (air pollution, household density, humidity, cleanliness, season, and temperature), availability and effectiveness of medical care, infection prevention and control (IPC) measures (vaccines, access to health care facilities, and isolation capacity), individual factors (age, smoking, ability of personal factors to transmit infection, immune status, nutritional status, previous or concurrent infections with other pathogens, and underlying medical conditions), and pathogen characteristics (mode of transmission, transmissibility, virulence factors, and microbial load) (WHO, 2020). This study aims to analyze several factors related to the incidence of ARI in toddlers in the Tuntungan Health Center area, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2024.
Innovation
This research uses a questionnaire to obtain primary data from respondents. The questionnaire is processed using validity, reliability, normality, and logistic regression tests. The study likely employs a cross-sectional design, although the abstract does not specify the sampling method or sample size. The logistic regression test is used to identify factors associated with the incidence of ARI in toddlers.
Introduction
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an infectious disease of the upper or lower respiratory tract that can cause a wide range of outcomes, from asymptomatic or mild infections to severe and fatal diseases, depending on the causative pathogen, environmental factors, and host factors. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ARI is caused by more than 300 types of bacteria, viruses, and rickettsia. The incidence, distribution, and consequences of ARI vary based on several factors, including environmental conditions (air pollution, household density, humidity, cleanliness, season, and temperature), availability and effectiveness of medical care, infection prevention and control (IPC) measures (vaccines, access to health care facilities, and isolation capacity), individual factors (age, smoking, ability of personal factors to transmit infection, immune status, nutritional status, previous or concurrent infections with other pathogens, and underlying medical conditions), and pathogen characteristics (mode of transmission, transmissibility, virulence factors, and microbial load) (WHO, 2020). This study aims to analyze several factors related to the incidence of ARI in toddlers in the Tuntungan Health Center area, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2024.
Why it matters
The findings highlight the multifactorial nature of ARI in toddlers. Maternal education may influence health-seeking behaviors and hygiene practices. Individual child factors, such as age and immune status, are known to affect susceptibility. Nutritional status is a well-established determinant of respiratory infection outcomes. Socioeconomic factors likely affect access to healthcare and living conditions. Family smoking behavior increases exposure to secondhand smoke, a known risk factor for ARI. The lack of association with immunization status may be due to the specific vaccines considered or the study's power. These results underscore the need for integrated interventions addressing environmental, nutritional, and behavioral factors to reduce ARI incidence in toddlers.
Who should read this
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